中考英语词语辨析知识点汇总

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  中考英语词语辨析(18)

  edge / side

  Ⅰ.edge侧重于指很窄的 “边缘”, 如刀刃或沿边的一部分.如:

  Put some salt on the edge of your plate. 在你的盘子边上放些盐.

  Ⅱ.side “边, 旁边” 有时与edge同义,有时指 “(东西的)侧面”, “(一个)方面”, “(身体的)侧边”,如:

  among/ between/ in the middle of

  Ⅰ. among “在……之中/中间” 指三者或三者以上。通常表某个范围。如:

  ① Someone is wrong among us. 我们中间有人错了。

  ② There is a small village among the mountains. 大山之间有座小村庄。

  Ⅱ. between “在…之间”指在二者之间,有时与and 连用。如:

  ① There is a river between us. 在我们两人之间有一条河。

  ② I’m standing between a house and a big tree. 我站在一座房子和一棵大树中间。

  Ⅲ. in the middle of “在……中间”指在某事物中间,强调事物的两端的中间。如:

  There is a bus stop in the middle of the road. 在这条公路中间有个车站。

  animal/ beast

  Ⅰ. animal “动物” 是区别于植物而言,是动物的总称,通常指兽、鸟、虫、鱼等。如:

  ① It’s an animal of monkey kind. 这是一种属于猴类的动物。

  ② The animal is hungry. 这个动物饿了。

  Ⅱ. beast “四足动物”通常指不包括爬行动物的较大的四足动物。如:

  ① The camel is a beast of burden. 骆驼是负重的动物。

  ② The tiger is a beast of prey. 老虎是猛兽。

  中考英语词语辨析(17)

  although/ though

  Ⅰ. although conj. “尽管、虽然”引导让步状语从句,相当于 though. 只是比though稍微正式些。多用于句首。though 用于非正式文体中,较普遍,但以下几种用法,不能用although. 如:

  ① 表强调时,要用even though,如:

  Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling.

  尽管我一字不识,我还是一直微笑着。

  ②. Though可用在倒装句中,如:

  Young though he is, he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻,但很有经验

  ③ though 可作副词,表示“然而”放在句末或其它位置。

  如:He said he would come, he didn’t though.他说他要来,结果他却没来。

  [此外],although不用着副词。在英语中如果用了although 或 though, 就不能再有but,但可以用yet 或still; 反之,如果用了but , 就不能用although 和 though. 如:

  ① Although he is in poor health, (yet) he works hard. = He is in poor health, but he works hard. 虽然他身体不好,但他工作仍努力。

  ②Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.

  虽然天气很冷,他未穿外衣就出去了。

  ① He is quite strong, although very old.

  他虽然很老了,但还是十分健壮。

  Ⅱ. though 常用作连词,“虽然”。在口语中还用着副词,一般放在句末,意为“可是、然而”等。如:

  ① He didn’t light the fire, though it was cold. 天气虽很冷,他却还没生火。

  ② Though it was very late, he went on working. 虽然很晚了,他还是继续工作。

  ③ He said he would come, he didn’t, though. 他说他来,可是结果他没有来。

  always / yet

  Ⅰ. always “总是;一直”常与一般现在时连用。有时也与进行时连用, 但并不强调动作正在进行,而是表示“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等情绪。常用于肯定句中,放在“三类词”(情态动词、助动词、系动词本书称为“三类词”)之后,行为动词之前。如:

  ① We always get up before six o’clock. 我们总是六点前起床。

  ② He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。

  Ⅱ. yet. “仍然;还”常与not连用。用于否定结构中。如:

  ①He hasn’t finished the work yet. 他还没完成这项工作。

  中考英语词语辨析(16)

  also/ as well/ too/ either “也”

  Ⅰ. also较正式,位置通常靠近动词,用于句中;且用于肯定句中。如:

  ① He also plays football. 他也踢足球。

  ② I was also there.我也在那儿。

  Ⅱ. too 多用于口语,通常置于句末,前边须用逗号隔开,也可用于句中,且前后均须用逗号隔开,;用于肯定句中。如:

  ① He is a worker, too.

  ② The two cows, too, are white.那两头奶牛也全都是白的。

  Ⅲ. as well 是副词短语,多用于口语,只用于句末。如:

  ① She not only taught us English but taught us maths as well.她不但教过我们英语,还教过我们数学。

  ② He is a teacher and a writer as well.他是位教师,也是一位作家。

  Ⅳ. either 用于否定句中,常置于句末。在肯定句变否定句时,其中的also, too, as well都要改为either.

  ① Yesterday I didn’t watch TV and I didn’t see the film, either .昨天我没有看电视,也没有看电影。

  for / from / since

  Ⅰ. 三者都能用来表示时间,但用法不同。

  since “自从”,所表示的是一个时间点。可用作介词,也可用作连词,后接时间名词或短语,或引导时间状语从句;要求前面的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词必须用完成时态,要用延续性动词。而since引导的从句中的谓语动词通常应是短暂性的动词。若接时间,则应为点时间。如:

  ① He has worked there since1989.

  ② She has lived here since she moved here.

  Ⅱ. from “自从” 只用作介词,表一个事情的开始点,可用于过去、现在或将来的时态。如:

  ① They worked from 7:00 to 12:00 this morning.

  ② We have been good friends from childhood.

  Ⅲ. for 作为介词,后面接段时间,用于完成时、现在时、过去时和将来时,句中要用延续性动词。如:

  ① We’ll stay here for ten minutes.我们将在这儿呆10分钟。

  They have studied English for three yeas.

  中考英语词语辨析(15)

  aloud/ loud/ loudly

  Ⅰ. aloud adv. “出声地”有使能听得到的意味。如:

  ① Please read the story aloud. 请朗读这个故事。

  ② They were shouting aloud.他们在高声地呼喊。

  Ⅱ. loud. adv “高声地、大声地、响亮地”常指在说笑等方面。如:

  ① Don’t talk so loud. 不要如此高声地谈话。

  ② Speak louder. 说得大声点。

  Ⅲ. loudly adv. “高声地”有时与loud 通用,但含有喧闹的意味。如:

  ① Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。

  ② Don’t talk so loudly(loud). 不要如此高声地谈话。

  already/ yet /still

  Ⅰ. already. adv. “已经”多用于肯定句中,通常与动词的完成时或进行时连用。也可用于疑问句,但不表真心的疑问,而表“惊奇”。它多置于句中。有时为了强调而置于句末。如:

  ① I’ve seen the film already.

  ② The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。

  ③ Have you already had breakfast? 难道你已经吃过早餐了?

  Ⅱ. yet adv “已经、仍然、还”一般只用于否定句或疑问句,且常常置于句末。如:

  ① He hasn’t found his bike yet他还没有找到他的自行车。

  Ⅲ. still adv “仍然、还”可用于各种句中,且一般只用于句中。如:

  ① Do you still teach in that school? 你还在那所学校教书?

  [注]:still在句中的位置不同,其意义也不同。如:

  ① He is still(还)standing there.

  ② He is standing there still(adj.不动的、静止的)他站在那儿一动也不动。

  中考英语词语辨析(13)

  allow/ permit/ let/ promise

  Ⅰ. allow“允许、许可”,一般指听任,或默许某人去做什么,含有消极地不反对的意味。如:

  ① We allowed him to depart.我们允许他离去。

  ② Who allowed you to leave the camp?谁允许你离开营地的?

  ③ I can’t allow you to do that.我不能允许你做那件事。

  allow 也可表客气的请求。如

  ① Will you allow me to use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗?

  Ⅱ. permit “允许、许可”但是正式地许可,含有比较积极地同意某人去做什么的意味。如:

  ① I will permit him to do so. 我准备同意他这样做。

  ② The sentinel permitted the strangers to pass when they had given the countersign.当这群陌生人说出口令后,哨兵就允许他们通过了。

  [注]:allow 与 permit 的涵义虽有差别,但在语言实践中,它们常常被通用着。如:

  ① Smoking is not allowed here.此处禁止吸烟。

  ② Smoking is not permitted in this theatre. 本戏院里禁止吸烟

  Ⅲ. let.“允许、让”它可以指积极地允许,但更多的是着重指不予反对和阻止其后所跟的宾语要接不带to 的不定式用以表示客气的请求时,可与allow通用。且更具有口语色彩。如:

  ① Her father will not let her go.她父亲不会让她去。

  ② Don’t let this happen again. 不要让这种事发生了。

  ③ Please let me know what happens.请告诉我发生些什么事。

  Ⅳ. promise “答应” “允诺”。与以上三个词的意义不同,用于主体答应自己要作什么的场合。如:

  ① He promised to begin at once.他答应立刻开始。

  ② I promised (him) to attend to the matter promptly. 我答应(他)立即处理这件事。

  ③ They promised an immediate reply.他们答应立即答复。

  中考英语词语辨析(12)

  all/ every

  Ⅰ. all 和 every 意思十分相近,二者都可用来泛指人或物。但all可与算数的名词连用,而every 只能与单数的名词连用。如:

  ① All Mondays are horrible. 星期一总是可怕的。

  ② Every Monday is horrible. 每个星期一都是可怕的。

  Ⅱ. all 和 every 也可用来指某一类东西中的个体。但all 后跟the 或其它“限定词”,而every后却不能。它往往强调无一例外的意思。

  --She is eaten all the biscuits[‘biskit]. –What, every one? –Every single one! 她把饼干都吃光了。怎么,把每一块都吃光了吗?每一块全都吃了!

  Ⅲ. all 还可和单数名词连用,表示every past of 而every却不能有此义。如:

  She was here all day. 她在这呆了一整天。

  almost/ nearly

  Ⅰ. almost“差不多、几乎”有very, nearly 的意思。如:

  ① He has almost finished his work. 他差不多完成了他的工作。

  ② Almost no one took any rest. 几乎没有一个人休息一下。

  Ⅱ. nearly “差不多、几乎、将近”指一差距一般比almost 大。如:

  ① It’s nearly five o’clock.差不多五点钟了。

  ② Nearly everyone knows it. 几乎每个人都知道这个。

  ③ He’s nearly ready. 他快准备好了。

  [注]:almost有时可与nearly通用,但当其与no, none, nothing, never连用时,不用nearly。如以上almost的例①可以互换,但例②则不能。


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